The osteochondrosis of the spine, as a disease of the human species, or "disease of civilization", is associated with an immediacy in which the load on the entire structure of the spine and in the intervertebral discs increases significantly.A modern and sedentary lifestyle only aggravates the situation.It is unlikely that there is an adult who has not experienced manifestations of osteochondrosis in one form or another.For this reason, questions about how and where to treat osteochondrosis do not lose their relevance.
Four fifths of all back pains are caused by osteocondrosis.And from the point of view of spending for its treatment, it is not less than cardiovascular diseases or influence.
Causes
After reaching the middle age of a person in intervertebral discs, a vascular channel is formed, and therefore their nutrition occurs according to the principle of diffusion.This, in particular, complicates the regeneration of intervertebral discs after excessive or asymmetrical loads, as well as micro and macro injuries.
Estabili or irrational food adds "fire oil" and intervertebral cartilage, without receiving the necessary nutrients, they begin to gradually lose strength and elasticity and deform.
The exact causes of the osteocondrosis, unfortunately, have not been established today, so it is generally accepted that it is a certain series of risk factors, including:
- Metabolic processes disorders in the body;
- Genetic predisposition;
- Weak physical development, violation of posture and plates, other ailments of the musculoskeletal system;
- Infectious diseases and intoxication;
- Spine microtrauma due to falls, blows, sudden movements and excess loads, the same type of asymmetrical movements;
- Macro trauma of the spine due to fractures and bruises;
- Improper nutrition, a sedentary lifestyle and an overweight, which leads to a lack of fluids, vitamins and trace elements;
- Stressful and smoking conditions, leading to spasms and narrowing of the blood vessels;
- Weather conditions in which low temperature and high humidity of the air are observed.
There are many reasons for the development of osteocondrosis and everyone is a way or in the other the result of the wrong lifestyle, whose hostages are becoming more and more people than modern society.
Prevention of osteochondrosis
Obviously, the best prevention of osteocondrosis is rational nutrition and physical education, among whose classes they are shown:
- Morning car -Masseggio of the lower back, back and limbs.
- Hygienic gymnastics with flying movements of arms and legs, jumping in position, rotation of the head, classes on the horizontal bar.
- A five-minute physical education break in the workplace with a set of 7-9 exercises.
- Swim in the pool, especially on the back.
Of course, if the time for prevention is missing, this list of exercises will have to be expanded with therapeutic exercises, which provide techniques for the spinal channel.
The diet for osteochondrosis should include a large amount of proteins, with the exception of mushroom dishes, remains of animal fat butter, first courses - mainly vegetarian, seconds - are welcomed to steam or in the oven, snacks - mainly floods, willful salici with low graphing, spices and spices - are welcome.The consumption of products salt and saline (herring, salmon, duties for the winter), sugar, flour, butter and other pastry chefs, grapes and juice from it, strong coffee and tea, alcohol and smoke is clearly limited.
The mass of the daily diet should usually not exceed 2 kg, liquids - 1 liter and kilocalories - 2600 units.The daily diet is calculated for a frequent meal-5-7 per day.
If the analyzes show the lack of certain vitamins and trace elements, they are also prescribed.
Diagnosis of osteochondrosis
Depending on the place of location, osteochondosis may be:
- Cervical (25% of cases) - It is accompanied by pain in the hands and shoulders, headache with further possible development of the vertebral artery syndrome, when the noise appears in the ears: "flies" and colored points before the eyes, light dizziness occur.
- Thoracic vertebral column, - Pain arises like a "pole" in the chest, the pain "shoots" in other organs: heart, lungs, stomach.
- Lumbosacral vertebral column (50% of cases) - Pain in the lower back, which gives the legs, the sacred and sometimes to the groin, can be accompanied by compromised functionality syndromes and sensitivity of the muscles of the lower limbs.
- Common (12% of cases) - is a combination of osteochondrosis of the spine of different departments simultaneouslyAnd therefore - the most serious form of this disease.
In addition to the painful pain in the corresponding parts of the spine, a sense of pain and numbness in the limbs, pain in various organs and muscles with osteochondrosis other symptoms: muscle cramps, decrease in freedom of movement and increase in pain during cough or sneezing, additional loads and acute turns or inclinations.
A preliminary diagnosis is made on the basis of both the above symptoms and the initial examination by a doctor who controls the patient's spine in various positions - lie down, standing, sitting - in States of movement and rest, after the patient was sent to hardware diagnostics to confirm and clarify or refute the diagnosis.The main types of study of the spine include magnetic resonance imaging, computerized tomography, radiography and ultrasound dopplerography of the main brain arteries.
It happens that after an in -depth examination, related diseases are also detected, which are complications of the osteochondrosis: hernia - spine and intervertebral, protrusion of the intervertebral disc, root and kyphosis.
The quality of the diagnosis is of fundamental importance, because many symptoms of osteochdrosis are absolutely identical to the symptoms of other diseases and the sources of pain can be both a spinal root and a damaged intervertebral disc.
Treatment of osteocondrosis
But the diagnosis follows the treatment, which can be of two types -Conservative AND Operating - Depending on the negligence and severity of the disease and the presence of resources within the recovery, to other indications and contraindications.
In a series of more serious cases, it is impossible to do without surgery, in others, the conservative treatment is justified.However, only highly qualified doctors can make the right choice and sometimes their consultation.
With a conservative treatment, as well as subsequent rehabilitation, a complete approach is required, which means the use of many methods of various sectors of medicine.Modern medicine in most cases reduces conservative treatment and postoperative rehabilitation to two: drug therapy and hardware treatment.At the same time, a total underestimation of body resources is observed, the treatment is, so to speak, "in the absence" of the patient himself, as if the active participation of the patient in the care could not occur.These "passive" treatments and rehabilitation are increasingly longer, and sometimes without success.
At the same time, conservative treatment and postoperative rehabilitation should include different methods, such as:
- Exercise therapy: therapeutic gymnastics exercises;
- Isometric kinesiotherapy;
- Manual therapy;
- Reflexology;
- Underwater hydromassage;
- Download of treatment based on spinal elimination;
- Magneto, electric and vibro stimulation;
- Ultrasound and laser therapy;
- Therapeutic diet
- Psychotherapy;
- Drug therapy.
With the correct selection and combination of many therapeutic methods, the pharmacological treatment can be moved to last place and reminded it in a minimum volume or in the exacerbation phases.
Lessons with a psychologist in combination with the therapy of exercise who force a person to believe in their own strength and take an active part in recovery or postoperative restoration.
Manual and hydromass, reflexology not only improves blood circulation, relieves pain syndromes, but also arouse the internal forces of the body.
The underestimation of the role of dietary can minimize the effectiveness of the pharmacological treatment, since the individual and adequately selected diet allows you to saturate the body's cells with the necessary nutrients, the trace elements and the vitamins, preventing concomitant complications for the organs.
And, however, drug therapy is still necessary, usually includes different therapies:
- Anti -inflammatory;
- Antispasmodic;
- Antioxidant;
- Stimulation of blood microcirculation;
- Correction of psychosomatic disorders and prevention of degeneration of the cartilage tissue.
Therefore, we will summarize: postoperative rehabilitation and conservative treatment of osteocondrosis in the special departments of state clinics in most cases deprives patients with a complete recovery treatment and such treatment at home adds many other problems.The fact is that trying to rehabilitate at home, the patient is at least the fact that:
- He experiences a lack of medical equipment: orthopedic beds, simulators, physiotherapy devices or simply the space necessary for physiotherapy exercises;
- He discovers the inability of cars -organize and cars -discipline, which are the quintessence of any recreational technique: he cannot observe elementary sleep regimes, wakefulness, drugs, the passage of medical procedures and nutrition for a long period of time.
- It seems a lack of dietary and cuisine capacity that allow you to compose the recipe and choose the right daytime diet, whose violation can deny the effectiveness of other health methods.
Therefore, it is better to undergo a recovery treatment in specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers specialized in complete rehabilitation and conservative treatment of the osteocondrosis.